281 papers
Molecular biology explores the tiny machinery inside living cells, revealing how genetic instructions are read, copied, and turned into the proteins that keep us alive. This field acts as a bridge between the static code of DNA and the dynamic processes that drive growth, disease, and life itself, offering insights into everything from cellular repair to the development of new medicines.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category to make these complex discoveries accessible to everyone. Our team processes each submission to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense academic jargon.
Below are the latest molecular biology papers freshly processed from bioRxiv, ready for you to explore and understand.
This study reveals that while the DAF-12 nuclear receptor pathway is conserved in plant-parasitic nematodes, these species often utilize structurally distinct endogenous ligands rather than the canonical dafachronic acids found in *C. elegans*, suggesting a diversification of hormonal signaling that could be targeted for new crop protection strategies.
This study validates a highly sensitive and reproducible probe-based qPCR assay for the detection and quantification of *Litylenchus crenatae* in various matrices, demonstrating its reliability across independent laboratories and its suitability for monitoring and managing Beech leaf disease.
This study demonstrates that chemically targeting the LRRK2 Roc-COR GTPase domain offers a viable alternative therapeutic strategy to partially downregulate kinase activity and potentially mitigate the on-target toxicities associated with full kinase inhibition in Parkinson's disease.
This study demonstrates that inhibiting the positively selected microRNA miR-128-3p reverses age-related and disease-associated muscle decline in mice and pigs by activating mitochondrial programs and suppressing inflammation, thereby restoring tissue function across multiple striated muscle pathologies.
In response to starvation stress, the kinase RIOK3 recruits TUT7 and DIS3L2 to add oligo(uridine) tails to 18S rRNA, thereby triggering its 3'-5' exonucleolytic decay and facilitating the degradation of mature 40S ribosomes.
The study reports that ACAi-001, a novel covalent HIV-1 capsid inhibitor identified through in silico screening, uniquely induces aberrant capsid multimerization and degradation by binding to specific residues, thereby disrupting viral core integrity and inhibiting HIV-1 replication.
Using ribosome profiling and cryo-EM on the *E. coli* homodimer PheA, this study reveals that co-translational assembly of homo-oligomeric proteins primarily occurs in *trans* between neighboring mRNAs to form large polysomal networks, challenging the assumption that such interactions mainly happen in *cis* on the same transcript.
This study demonstrates that a single inherited CD46 allele containing a specific six-amino-acid substitution confers reduced susceptibility to Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in heterozygous cattle, indicating that this resistance trait can be effectively disseminated through conventional breeding without requiring homozygosity.
This study demonstrates that farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a critical, distinct regulator of liver homeostasis and fibrosis, driving specific transcriptional programs and mediating the anti-fibrotic effects of FXR agonists like tropifexor.
The paper introduces SCISSOR, a high-throughput single-cell method that infers global ribosomal structural states and translation activity by analyzing differential rRNA protection, thereby revealing systematic translational regulation across the cell cycle and during stem cell differentiation that is invisible to existing transcriptomic or ribosome-profiling techniques.